It´s time to study the pronunciation. How do we pronounce past form, the regular past form "-ed".
The ending used to form the past simple and past participle of regular verbs is pronounced:
- /t/ after voiceless sounds (/p/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/).
- love-loved.
- /d/ after voiced sounds (/b/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /r/ /w/ /j/ and vowel sounds).
- play-played.
- live-lived.
- /id/ after /t/ or /d/ sounds.
- wait-waited.
Here there is one extra syllable!
Look around the pronunciation of the following past tenses:
Type of -ed endings. | Past tense. | Phonetic transcription. |
---|---|---|
/t/ infinitives that end in a voiceless sound. |
picked stopped |
/pɪkt/ /stɒpt/ /krʌntʃt/ /wɪʃt/ |
/d/ infinitives that end in a voiced sound. |
chilled lived |
/tʃɪld/ /lɪvd/ |
/ɪd/ infinitives that end in the sound /t/ or /d/. |
hated needed dated |
/ˈheɪtɪd/ /ˈniːdɪd/ /ˈsiːtɪd/ |